What Is Immune System And How It Works?

Knowing What is Immune system is very important to know if you want to have good knowledge about how your body reacts to certain issues. The immune system is a complex and sophisticated network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from damaging substances or organisms. The immune system can also be described as an adaptive biological system that provides immunity to infectious diseases. There are two types of immunity: natural (native) immunity and acquired (adaptive) immunity.

Natural immunities are the first line of defense against infection, while acquired immunities develop after exposure to an antigen through vaccination or disease. One way in which the immune system protects us is by producing antibodies against foreign substances such as bacteria or viruses. These antibodies attach themselves to invading particles, so they cannot enter our bodies’ cells where they could cause damage.

What is Immune system?

Our body is the most complicated system in the world. It organizes multiple systems like the respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system, immunity system, and all other complicated systems are combined to form a complex human body. Human bodies have always been through several attacks by billions of viruses, fungi, and bacteria that are trying to make your body their home.

To prevent these attacks our body has to create its soldiers, guards, intelligence system, weapon factories, communications systems to protect our bodies from pathogen attacks, to prevent these kinds of attacks human body has to remember the behavior of enemies for the future, it has to kill existing dead cells because they affect the healthy cells all these actions together done by our immune system. 

The immune system has two main parts which always work together they are :

• Innate immune system.
• Adaptive immune system.

The Innate Immune System:

We are all born with an innate immune system this is our childhood’s rapid response system, which continuously patrols our body to respond when it finds any invader. When it finds an attacker it immediately takes action. Our immune system cells surround the invader and kill inside the immune cells. These immune cells are called phagocytes.

The Adaptive Immune System:

This immune system is developed by our body when it is exposed to chemicals released by the microbes. Both the adaptive immune system and the innate immune system work together to produce antibodies for particular pathogens. B lymphocytes are the immune cells that develop antibodies after our system has been exposed to the invader because it takes several days to develop antibodies for a specific pathogen. When our body is exposed to a specific pathogen for the first time it remembers and recognizes and kills the next time. This process will train our immune system to produce antibodies to protect us from harmful diseases. 

The immune cells are located in various organs of our body like:

• Lymph nodes: Small bean-shaped organs located in the entire body and connected through lymphatic vessels. 
• Bone marrow: Soft and squishy tissue present in bone cavities.
• Adenoids:  Two adenoid glands are situated at the back of the nasal passage.
• Spleen: Spleen is located in the abdominal cavity.
• Tonsils: Located at the back of your throat.
• Peyer’s patches: Located inside the small intestine.